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-
- Frequently Asked Questions about The Star Commander
-
- Here are some questions I was asked many times and my answers to them. First,
- I'd like to mention that the Commander was not meant to be a multi-purpose
- utility with lots of goodies and that the main executable file is already too
- big and it eats up a lot of memory. And to advertize my favorite Commander,
- The Volkov Commander: one of the features I just love in it is that there are
- no redundant functions in it, it is as simple as possible.
-
- Q: I found few bugs in the Commander and there are many functions in it. How
- is it then that the public releases are still 0.xx versions?
- A: The reason is that I hate version numbers like 12.3 or 1.2.34 and I only
- want to call 1.0 the final version. On the other hand, many people have the
- prejudice of thinking that beta releases are buggy. Don't worry, the public
- releases of the Commander are as bugfree and complete as any other non-beta
- program. But to make you happy, starting with Version 0.73 the Commander is
- not called "beta" anymore.
-
- Q: I'm desperately trying to make the Commander access my Commodore drive but
- it just displays "Device not present" or simply locks up. What shall I do?
- A: Please, read the section "TROUBLESHOOTING" in the documentation.
-
- Q: Does the Commander support non-1541 drives, e.g. the 1571, 1581, FD-2000,
- FD-4000 drives and the CMD hard disk?
- A: Not yet, only the 1541 drive family, 1541 compatible drives, and the 1541
- mode of the 1571 drive because I only have a 1541C and a 1541-II drive.
- However, I currently started to implement support for 1571 and 1581 drive,
- maybe, some others will also be supported.
-
- Q: Can the Commander copy protected disks?
- A: No, and I don't think it will ever be able to. First of all, there should
- be a documented GCR-coded disk image format which is rather the task of
- emulator authors. Second, there are too many problems with reading data at
- a sufficient speed from the Commodore drive to be able to reconstruct the
- original track data, making the protection think that it's still running on
- its original disk. And the extra data, what the Commander could easily read
- would only fool the most simple copy protections. I suggest you get a
- cracked version of your original programs.
-
- Q: Does the Commander support 40 track disks and disk images?
- A: Yes, it does. However, there is a restriction: since the Commander uses the
- original DOS routines to allocate blocks for the files during file copy
- from the PC to the external Commodore drive in any mode, if your drive
- cannot handle the extra tracks or the extra BAM entries, you won't be able
- to use all the 40 tracks. In this case you might have to fill up a 40 track
- disk image with files first and then copy the disk image onto the external
- Commodore drive. It is also possible that the ROM of your Commodore drive
- is not patched to let programs seek to the extra tracks, in this case
- you're totally out of luck.
-
- Q: After having accessed my Commodore drive, I noticed that the DOS clock is
- late. How is that possible?
- A: There are two separate clocks: one is the CMOS clock, updated by hardware,
- the other is the DOS clock, updated by a software interrupt. While
- accessing a Commodore drive, all interrupts are disabled so that they don't
- interfere with the synchronization. In these intervals the DOS clock is not
- updated, therefore it gets late. Don't worry, if you reboot your machine,
- the DOS clock will be back to normal.
-
- Q: I tried to extract LHA archives using the Commander and I saw a file name
- at the beginning of the uncompressed files and some of their last bytes
- were chopped off. How is this possible?
- A: You are using LHA 2.13 or an older version. The Commander and Star LHA are
- using the print command instead of the usual extract command. The reason
- for this is that when specifying the name of files to extract, a file name
- with a space inside (not unlikely in a Commodore LHA archive) would make
- LHA assume it to be two separate file names. Therefore all the files in the
- archive are printed in one continuous stream into a single file and then
- the necessary ones are picked out. Unfortunately, LHA 2.13 and older
- versions prepend the file name to each printout which is garbage for the
- Commander and Star LHA. Get the official LHA 2.55 English release to solve
- this problem.
-
- Q: When copying a really old disk in warp mode onto my PC, the transfer stops
- sometimes: the disk keeps spinning but apparently no data is read. I can
- stop this only if I open the drive door and wait for the error message. Why
- does this happen and what can I do to avoid it?
- A: This is due to the nature of one of the tricks in the warp routines. The
- 1541 receives a map for the current track, indicating which sectors to
- transfer to the PC. The drive constantly reads the track, searching for a
- sector header. When it encounters one, it GCR-decodes the track and sector
- numbers and decides whether the sector is to be transferred or not.
- However, if the sector header is damaged then an invalid sector number is
- decoded and the drive will reject the sector instead of transferring it.
- All you can do is to switch back to turbo mode, where no such tricks are
- used to speed up the transfer.
-
- Q: My Commodore drive makes so awful noises when I format disks with the
- Commander. Can I avoid this?
- A: No, you can't. When you format a disk, the drive bangs the head against the
- bump, to make sure that it's the outermost track being named "track #1"
- during the actual format. To be compatible with the original way, the
- Commander also does that. The noises are not the Commander's fault but that
- of the DOS in the drive. If you have a better way to format disks, be it
- with another machine or with another program, then use that one instead.
-
- Q: Why does the Commander not work under my OS/2, Linux, Windows, Windows '95
- or Windows NT?
- A: Because it's technically impossible to achieve correct timing under these
- multi-tasking environments: the kernel, the control program of the system,
- steals time from the Commander for monitoring the system and giving time
- slices for the other processes, messing up the synchronization between the
- PC and the external Commodore drive. However, if you use the XH1541 hybrid
- cable or the XP1541 parallel cable then you'll possibly be able to access
- your Commodore drive even under these multi-tasking systems because the
- data transfer via these interfaces is asynchronous.
-
- Q: Will you do an OS/2, Linux, Windows, Windows '95 or Windows NT version of
- the Commander?
- A: No, I won't. Although the routines of the Borland Pascal run-time library
- rely on being run under DOS, I did take my time with extending them with
- the capability of handling Windows '95-style long file names. Since I don't
- have any of the other operating systems installed, I can't implement
- support for them. And I'm not willing to create a native version of the
- Commander for these platforms, especially not one with a graphical user
- interface. You can use all features of the Commander under the DOS emulator
- or DOS shell of these operating systems, perhaps, except for the access to
- external Commodore drives.
-
- Q: I would like an OS/2 version of the Commander for another reason: running
- on HPFS, it could use the original long Commodore file names and I could
- forget the 8.3 file name limitation of DOS. What do you think?
- A: Such a capability has already been implemented for Windows '95 although,
- during the conversion of Commodore file names, many PETSCII characters are
- lost because they have no equivalent in ASCII or are not allowed in a DOS
- file name. There is no plan to do the same for OS/2 since I don't have it
- installed and have no docs about accessing OS/2 long file names under its
- DOS emulator. However, there is some kind of solution: if you want to
- upload Commodore files onto your Unix account from an OS/2 machine and keep
- the long file names then you can copy the files into TAR archives, then
- upload and extract the archives under Unix.
-
- Q: I've edited the directory of a disk and then copied it onto my PC with the
- option "BAM disk copy" checked. The end of the directory was lost. Why?
- Q: I've edited the directory of a disk image and then cleaned it with the
- "Clean" option in the user menu of disk image panels. Why did I lose the
- end of the directory?
- A: There's a serious problem with the early versions of Dir Master (by Wim
- Taymans), which is the best and most wide-spread directory editor around.
- When you insert some phantom files into the directory (e.g. deleted files
- whose names make up the logo of your group) then the size of the directory
- grows. When you save it back onto your disk or disk image then some new
- sectors are filled up with the new data. However, the program forgets to
- allocate these new sectors therefore the BAM disk copier won't copy these
- blocks and the disk image cleaner will destroy all data in them. Validate
- your BAM with the "Validate" option in the user menu or manually in the
- disk editor before copying or cleaning. Alternatively, you can switch to
- "Safe BAM disk copy" mode and track #18 will be fully copied even during
- BAM disk copy. Similarly, use "Safe clean" for cleaning disk images and it
- won't harm a single byte on track #18.
-
- Q: I know that a diskpacked ZipCode archive contains all the data found on a
- 35 track disk. How is it possible then that there are certain archives that
- don't work if I unzip them on my PC and then transfer the resulting disk
- image onto my disk?
- A: There is one difference between unzipping the archive on your PC and your
- Commodore machine. The second two bytes of the first ZipCode archive hold
- the ID in all the sector headers of the original disk (not the one in the
- BAM). When you extract the archive on a Commodore machine, the ZipCoder
- reformats the disk on the fly with that ID so that e.g. the disk identifier
- routine of "Test Drive 2" recognizes the master, car and scenario disks on
- basis of the ID of sector headers being "MD", "CD" or "SD". All you can do
- is look into the first ZipCode archive and reformat the destination disk
- with those two bytes as an ID before transferring the disk image. However,
- if the ZipCode archive was created on a PC, not on a Commodore machine, you
- will possibly find an invalid ID there, e.g. "64". In this case you will
- have to find out the correct ID yourself.
-
- Q: I switched to 'EGA Lines' in the Commander and saved the setup. How is it
- then that the next time I launched the Commander it didn't automatically
- change to 'EGA Lines' upon startup?
- A: The Commander never changes the screen mode, only if it has to, e.g. the
- screen is in graphical or 40 column mode. This is how the other Commanders
- also work. The state of the 'EGA Lines' option is not even saved in the
- setup file.
-
- Q: Why can't I copy all the files on the disk of my favorite demo?
- A: Probably some files on that disk are phantom files (directory entries with
- no real file data) or have non-standard characters in their name (graphical
- characters or characters that are not allowed in file names, like comma,
- colon, asterisk, question mark etc.). The Commander uses the original 1541
- DOS to open files so it doesn't support such files either. Rename those
- files using the disk editor or copy the whole disk instead.
-
- Q: Why is it, that although I have defined several standard viewers in
- SCVIEW.EXT, the Commander still can't use them like The Norton Commander?
- A: Perhaps, you are using the viewers of The Norton Commander 5.0, which need
- the file NCVIEW.MSG to be able to run. However, these viewers support the
- parameter passing convention differently than the ones that came with an
- earlier version (3.0, 4.0 or 4.5) of The Norton Commander, so don't be
- alarmed when they e.g. launch in color mode although the Commander has been
- set to black & white.
-
- Q: There are some minor but annoying differences between your Commander and
- The Norton Commander. Why?
- A: A personal opinion: when I started using The Volkov Commander, I began to
- hate The Norton Commander. Consider that The Volkov Commander is written
- fully in assembly, not a high-level language. It's a lot smaller, still it
- can do most of what The Norton Commander can, sometimes even more. It's not
- the overgrown fatware like The Norton Commander has become (not to mention
- that now it has nothing to do with Peter Norton - who is said to be the
- best programmer ever) so I make my Commander to be similar to the
- The Volkov Commander. Admit it that after some hours you got used to the
- new features, maybe, now you even like them...
-
- Q: I hate the colors the Commander uses. Can I change them?
- A: Yes, you can. There is a full color configuration menu in the external
- setup for all screen modes (black & white, color, laptop and monochrome).
- You can also try the prepared palette files that make the Commander look
- similar to the "Color 2" scheme of the The Norton Commander and to
- DOS Navigator.
-
- Q: May I know what language the Commander is written in?
- A: I started coding it in Turbo Pascal 7.0 with Turbo Vision 2.0 but changed
- to Borland Pascal 7.0 a bit later since it had a better IDE and online
- help. When I got the sources of the Borland Pascal run-time libraries, at
- once I began to rewrite the user interface so that it looks absolutely like
- that of The Norton Commander. Many of the original Turbo Vision routines
- were deleted or changed during this process. The source of the Commander,
- the external setup and the internal viewer and editor is now at about 1410
- KBytes - not counting the little utilities I made for compiling the online
- help, creating the sample Commander screens in the external setup and other
- purposes. There are also many assembly routines in the source, mainly for
- data transfer and conversion where speed is most important.
-